Synopsis: Window trims usually bear the brunt of last-minute cost-cutting in construction and renovation projects, yet they often get the most scrutiny. Mario Rodriguez explains the anatomy of a window and various techniques and compositions in trimming out a window in Arts and Crafts, Federal, and Victorian styles. Detailed drawings reveal the elements that make each window style distinctive. Rodriguez details the purpose of window trim, how different periods used different woods, and how they can be ornamented to suit your style. There are options for casing joinery and methods of fastening. He recommends prefinishing to save time.

When it comes to windows, most homeowners, even woodworkers, don’t put much thought or effort into the window trim. Trimwork is usually the final phase of construction and renovation projects, so it often bears the brunt of last-minute cost cutting. Workers settle for a bland 3-in. clamshell molding from the lumberyard. But once the job is completed, the trim actually comes under the closest scrutiny. As the focal point of a room, windows offer the perfect opportunity to showcase your woodworking skills. A distinctive period trim made in the shop begs to be noticed, not overlooked.

When I’m lucky enough to find old homes with original window trim in place, I’m always impressed with the unique design and quality. A few years ago, I worked on several New York City homes that were constructed in the early 1900s. The windows were trimmed with impressive Victorian designs that demanded your attention. Although the designs were intricate and seemed like difficult work, a closer look showed me that all the components were easily made in the shop and just as easily attached.

By exploring various techniques and compositions— combining shopmade moldings with manufactured patterns, employing simple appliqués or using a biscuit joiner—a wide range of distinctive trim designs can be achieved. Each of the designs in this article exemplifies a particular period by using characteristic details to create a distinct look.

The purpose of window trim

The primary and most practical purpose of window trim is to keep out air and dampness by closing gaps between the wall opening and the window. But window trim does more than seal off a house from the outside—it also dresses up a window and integrates it into the room’s decor.

Historically, interior trim designated the importance of a particular room. Fancy mantels and high baseboards were used in the front rooms reserved for business or entertaining guests. Simple trim and plain moldings were relegated to the back rooms of a house.

From Fine Woodworking #133

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