Tuning a Spokeshave

Q:

I recently purchased a 151-style spokeshave, and I am having trouble getting a chatter-free cut. I’ve sharpened the blade, but I am now thinking the shave needs a complete tune-up. Can you explain the process?

Allan Anderson, Phoenix, Arizona

A:

To capitalize on your spokeshave’s full potential, it must be razor sharp and tuned properly. There are basically two types of spokeshaves: Some have their blades bedded bevel side up and feature low cutting angles of between 20° and 35°. These shaves typically have wooden bodies and require little tuning. Other shaves, like the 151 you mention, have their blades bedded with the bevel down, have cutting angles of around 45°, and often have metal bodies. These shaves are similar to handplanes and require a bit more attention.

Many shaves have roughly machined soles that make them drag. Take a minute to smooth and flatten the sole with sandpaper on a flat surface. While you’re working the sole, check that the blade edge is parallel to the front of the sole so the shave’s mouth is uniform. If things aren’t right, file the mouth straight with a mill file.

Next, use a fine mill file to flatten and smooth any rough spots on the bed (where the blade seats). To prevent shavings from jamming in the shave’s throat, you need to work the lever cap a bit. Begin by flattening the bottom of the cap on sandpaper on a flat surface. The top edge should be smooth. Eliminate flat spots or burrs using a mill file, then lightly hand-sand with P220-grit paper.

Now, sharpen the blade the same way you would a bench-plane iron. It also couldn’t hurt to replace the stock blade with a thicker, high-quality aftermarket blade (www.hocktools.com).

Finally, reassemble the shave, wax the sole, and oil any threaded adjusters. Now you should be ready to put the shave to use, without chatter.

Fine Woodworking Recommended Products

Tite-Mark Marking Gauge

These gauges can be easily and precisely adjusted with one hand, which allows you to set the tool while holding a ruler or workpiece in the other. The quality is exceptional, and all have sharp cutters that offer great visibility.

Buy at Lie-Nielsen Toolworks

Veritas Micro-Adjust Wheel Marking Gauge

The adjuster runs through the beam from a small knob at the back end right to the cutting wheel, which moves in and out as you turn the knob. This arrangement works well but makes adjustments a two-handed operation, requiring a little more effort.

Buy at Lee Valley