Q:

What is the difference between a random-orbit sander and a finishing sander? When would you choose one over the other?

Rick Reavely, Madison, CT

A:

Random-orbit sanders have largely replaced finishing sanders, also known as orbital sanders, for a number of reasons. The biggest reason is that finishing sanders move in a fixed orbit, so the risk of swirl marks is much higher than with a random-orbit sander. They also work more slowly.

Plus, it’s easier to attach and remove 5- or 6-in. hook-and-loop disks than it is to attach the 1⁄4 sheets of sandpaper into the finicky clips commonly found on most sheet sanders.
The lone benefit to having a 1⁄4-sheet orbital sander is that it can get into corners that a random-orbit sander cannot. But in general, a random-orbit sander works better and is far more versatile.

Random swirls are better. Finishing sanders (top) move in a fixed orbit, which can leave visible swirls on a workpiece. A random-orbit sander (bottom) eliminates that risk, just one reason it’s a better choice.

Fine Woodworking Recommended Products

Stanley Powerlock 16-ft. tape measure

With its smooth lock, tough case, compact size, and excellent accuracy, this Stanley tape is perfect for workshop use.

Buy at Amazon

Makita SP6000J1 Track Saw

With enough power to slice through thick hardwoods, the Makita makes smooth, chip-free cuts in all materials.

Buy at Amazon

Festool Cleantec CT 26 E HEPA Dust Extractor

The clear winner here is Festool’s CT 48 Dust Extractor. It has amazing capacity relative to its size, and unmatched suction power. It packs in a number of subtle but very helpful design touches, like a clever foot brake and easy hose and cord storage.

Buy at Amazon