I am planning some small boxes to store and display several heirloom books. Are there woods that are better or worse for making archival storge boxes? What kind of finishes are best?
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Wood isn't considered a good archival storge container especially for something valuable. Highly acid woods such as white oak are the worst. Metal with a seal is best and then it can be put in a wood container for the visual appeal. Do a search for archival storage and you will learn a lot. Nothing worse than putting something valuable in a position where it accelerates the destruction of the material.
http://www.bishopmuseum.org/research/pdfs/cnsv-books.pdf
Wood contains natural products (lignin, possibly others) that off-gas and can interact with paper and other materials stored in closed containers. This process continues over time (i.e. aged wood is not any better) and with all kinds of wood, although some species may be worse. It's just part of the natural chemistry of wood.
For this reason wood is not recommended as an archival enclosure. If it is unavoidable (existing wood cabinets that can't be replaced, say), it is recommended to air them out regularly to prevent buildup of corrosive agents, and also to seal the wood with particular sealants... 3 coasts of water based poly, I think? but worth checking because some sealants are worse than the wood. Northeast Document Conservation Center (NEDCC) is a good source of on-line information and there are others. Good luck with your box.
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